"Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work."
The Level of Friendship: Brutus was one of the most favourite among the friends of Julius Caesar. When he was stabbed by Brutus, he was shocked and lose faith, even he did not prevent from being stabbed. Before stabbing Brutus kissed Caesar's hand, this shows how much Brutus loves him. He uttered "Et tu, Brute, Then fall Caesar" which means 'You too Brutus, Then Caesar falls'. Antony was another close friend of Caesar who has deep rooted love for him. Hearing the death of Caesar, he appeared before the group of Conspirators and even blamed them and praised Caesar. Both friendship and breach of friendship could be seen.
The Human Level: Julius Caesar is the tragedy of Brutus. This noble and idealistic man fell in the real world of shrewd politics. Many blunders were created by him. His goodness becomes liability for the conspirators. Brutus is not sure why he wants to remove Caesar. The mental conflicts torture him. He wants to destroy Caesarism but not Caesar. But Brutus was not able to achieve that.
The Level of Nobility: Honour is the main word which surrounds Brutus like a halo. Idealism is also a great factor in the play, but this idealism is not seen by the practical common sense. Cassius told that honour is the subject of discussion with Brutus. Antony during the funeral speech of Julius Caesar, he skilfully, ironically and repeatedly told that Brutus is an honourable person until he marks the conspirators as traitors.
The Level of Political Ideas: Shakespeare had an idea of a good Government was a kind and good autocracy. The revolt against the orders brings out the untold suffering of the common people. The play Julius Caesar is based on the theme: the conflict between Caesarism and Republicism. Brutus is the champion of the latter. He wants to destroy Caesarism and not Caesar. But since that is not possible, Caesar is killed. After the murder, chaos follows. Brutus could not read the pulse of the people who wanted a benevolent dictator. When the mob cries, 'Let him be Caesar', that is the triumph of Caesarism. The spirit of Caesar thirsts for revenge. The cause of Republicanism is defeated. Caesarism triumphs.
Cassius dies with the words: "Caesar, though art reveng'd"
Brutus dies with the words: "Caesar now be still,
I kill'd not thee with half so good a will".
The influence of Caesar is felt even more powerfully after his death: "O Julius Caesar, though art mighty yet".
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